Muslim Inventions that Shaped the Modern World

We may suppose that many devices and creativities around us had inevitably been invented by western scientist or inventors, but according to this video many devices and sciences have been invented or begun by Muslims and in Islamic counties. The items which are depicted here are as follow:  Surgery, coffee, optics, flying machine, universities, Algebra, toothbrush, the crank, algorithm, soaps, shampoo, fountain pen, cheque, Astronomy and navigation, the windmill, paper, kerosene.